Paediatric Nursing

Regurgitation, also referred to as spitting up or a wet burp, is considered normal infant behavior. Most infants will spit up at least occasionally. Causes Pathophysiology A wet burp involves either dribbling of undigested liquids from the mouth and esophagus, or the expulsion of those liquids with the force of a burp. Clinical Manifestations Spitting […]

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes inflammation of the alveoli (air sacs). It can affect one or both lungs and is characterized by symptoms such as cough, fever, difficulty breathing, and chest pain. Pneumonia in children can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Causes 1. Bacterial Infections: 2.

Failure to Thrive (FTT) is a condition in which a child fails to gain weight or grow as expected. This term typically refers to children whose growth and development are significantly below the norm for their age and sex. It can manifest as weight below the 5th percentile for age or a significant drop in

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. These symptoms occur due to bronchial hyperreactivity and inflammation, leading to narrowing of the airways. Asthma can vary in severity and is often diagnosed in childhood. Causes Asthma in children is multifactorial with both genetic

Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is a common respiratory condition in children characterized by a combination of symptoms including a barking cough, stridor (a high-pitched wheezing sound), and hoarseness. It primarily affects young children, typically between 6 months and 3 years of age, and is usually viral in origin. Causes 1. Viral Infections: 2. Other

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden unexplainable death of a previously healthy infant who is less than 1 year old. The cause of death cannot be established by postmortem examinations. Risk factors for SIDS Prevention Nursing Implications When dealing with a family whose infant has just died of suspected SIDS in the emergency

Acute otitis media is the most often diagnosed childhood disease. It is most frequent in children aged 6 months to 3 years and uncommon after age 8. The incidence is highest during the winter months. Breastfeeding infants have a lower incidence than formula-fed infants because breast milk boosts immunity, which protects the eustachian tube and

Definition Theories of development are frameworks or perspectives that seek to explain how and why humans grow, evolve, and develop throughout their lives. These theories are frequently utilized in the domains of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and education to analyze many aspects of human development. Some of these theories include: Psychosocial Development Theory This theory was

Colic is characterized by persistent inconsolable crying in healthy neonate or infant lasting 3 hours or more for more than three days a week. These episodes typically occur in the late afternoon or evening. It affects around 10% to 20% of babies. Causes of Colic Causes of colic are idiopathic. However, there are possible suggestions