Fluoroquinolones are antibiotic successors of nalidixic acid. They offer greater efficacy, a broader spectrum of activity, and are safer than their predecessors. They include; Ciprofloxacin Gemifloxacin Levofloxacin Moxifloxacin Norfloxacin Ofloxacin Pregnancy Category: C They can be used with caution if the benefits outweigh the risks Mechanism of Action Fluoroquinolones disturb DNA replication in susceptible gram-negative […]
Carbapenems are broad spectrum antibiotics that are mostly used in cases of severe infections. They are mostly given via injections and are sometimes used concurrently with aminoglycosides since they are synergistic. They include; Meropenem Ertapenem Imipenem-cilastatin Doripenem Imipenem is mostly combined with cilastatin and/or relebactam (non-antibiotics drugs) because they protect it from being broken down.
Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic antibiotics. They include: Sulfamethoxazole (Mostly combined with trimethoprim) Sulfadiazine Sulfisoxazole Sulfasalazine Balsalazide Pregnancy Category: C (and D at term) They can be used in life-threatening conditions when there are no safer drugs. Studies have shown that they have potential risks to fetal life. They may increase the levels of unconjugated bilirubin and
Tetracyclines are bacteriostatic antibiotics. They include; Tetracycline Doxycycline Demeclocycline Minocycline Pregnancy Category: D Tetracyclines are toxic to the fetus and also cause teeth damage in infants. Mechanism of Action They are bacteriostatic. They prevent the replication of susceptible bacteria cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. Pharmacokinetics Absorption: They are adequately absorbed following oral ingestion. Administration with
Cephalosporins are antibiotics that act on the bacterial cell wall. They are structurally and functionally related to penicillins. They are classified into five generations based on their spectrum of action and beta lactamase resistance. These generations include; First Generation; cefazolin, cephalothin, cephalexin, cefadroxil, cephapirin Second Generation; cefuroxime, cefprozil, cefoxitin, cefmetazole, cefaclor, cefoxitin Third Generation; ceftriaxone,
Penicillins are the most commonly known antibiotic drugs. They are generally effective and have fewer toxic properties and thus tend to be overused. Their frequent use has promoted antimicrobial resistance, making scientists develop stronger combinations. Penicillins include; Amoxicillin Ampicillin Penicillin G Penicillin V Piperacillin Tircacillin There are bacteria of the genus Staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase
Aminoglycosides are antibiotics (they exert their effects against bacteria). The term aminoglycoside is derived from its structure; two amino sugars linked to a central hexose nucleus by a glycoside. Drugs in this antibiotics class include: • Amikacin • Gentamycin • Neomycin • Streptomycin • Tobramycin • Kanamycin • Paromomycin • Plazomicin Pregnancy Category: D It
Did you know that onions have a myriad of benefits other than to add flavor to food? Research has rolled out eight major important benefits that onions have on your body. Before we check them out, let’s learn something about onions. Introduction Onions are bulbous vegetables that belong to the Allium genus of plants, which
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Viagra (Sildenafil), one of the oldest babes in town has proven to be a menace not only to Kenya but to the rest of the world. The menace began subconsciously when the drug received FDA approval back in 1998. The blue pill was initially invented to treat a cardiac condition known as pulmonary hypertension. It
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Did you know that you can experience vision changes during pregnancy? Here’s how. Pregnancy-related vision impairments are generally common and are caused by changes in blood circulation, fluid retention, and hormone levels. This is because the body tries to adjust itself to accommodate the growing fetus. These modifications occur alongside other body changes during pregnancy
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